The Linux Programmer's Guide Sven Goldt Sven van der Meer Scott Burkett Matt Welsh Version 0.4 March 1995 Contents 1 The Linux operating system 2 The Linux kernel 3 The Linux libc package 4 System calls 5 The ``swiss army knife'' ioctl 6 Linux Interprocess Communications 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Half-duplex UNIX Pipes 6.2.1 Basic Concepts 6.2.2 Creating Pipes in C 6.2.3 Pipes the Easy Way! 6.2.4 Atomic Operations with Pipes 6.2.5 Notes on half-duplex pipes: 6.3 Named Pipes (FIFOs - First In First Out) 6.3.1 Basic Concepts 6.3.2 Creating a FIFO 6.3.3 FIFO Operations 6.3.4 Blocking Actions on a FIFO 6.3.5 The Infamous SIGPIPE Signal 6.4 System V IPC 6.4.1 Fundamental Concepts IPC Identifiers IPC Keys The ipcs Command The ipcrm Command 6.4.2 Message Queues Basic Concepts Internal and User Data Structures SYSTEM CALL: msgget() SYSTEM CALL: msgsnd() SYSTEM CALL: msgctl() msgtool: An interactive message queue manipulator 6.4.3 Semaphores Basic Concepts Internal Data Structures SYSTEM CALL: semget() SYSTEM CALL: semop() SYSTEM CALL: semctl() semtool: An interactive semaphore manipulator semstat: A semtool companion program 6.4.4 Shared Memory Basic Concepts Internal and User Data Structures SYSTEM CALL: shmget() SYSTEM CALL: shmat() SYSTEM CALL: shmctl() SYSTEM CALL: shmdt() shmtool: An interactive shared memory manipulator 7 Sound Programming 7.1 Programming the internal speaker 7.2 Programming a sound card 8 Character Cell Graphics 8.1 I/O Function in libc 8.1.1 Formatted Output 8.1.2 Formatted Input 8.2 The Termcap Library 8.2.1 Introduction 8.2.2 Find a Terminal Description 8.2.3 Look at a Terminal Description 8.2.4 Termcap Capabilities Boolean Capabilities Numeric Capabilities String Capabilities 8.3 Ncurses - Introduction 8.4 Initializing 8.5 Windows 8.6 Output 8.6.1 Formatted Output 8.6.2 Insert Characters/Lines 8.6.3 Delete Characters/Lines 8.6.4 Boxes and Lines 8.6.5 Background Character 8.7 Input 8.7.1 Formated Input 8.8 Options Output Options 8.8.1 Input Options 8.8.2 Terminal Attributes 8.8.3 Use Options 8.9 Clear Window and Lines 8.10 Updating the Terminal 8.11 Video Attributes and Color 8.12 Cursor and Window Coordinates 8.13 Scrolling 8.14 Pads 8.15 Soft-labels 8.16 Miscellaneous 8.17 Low-level Access 8.18 Screen Dump 8.19 Termcap Emulation 8.20 Terminfo Functions 8.21 Debug Function 8.22 Terminfo Capabilities 8.22.1 Boolean Capabilities 8.22.2 Numbers 8.22.3 Strings 8.23 [N]Curses Function Overview 9 Programming I/O ports 9.1 Mouse Programming 9.2 Modem Programming 9.3 Printer Programming 9.4 Joystick Programming 10 Porting Applications to Linux 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Signal handling 10.2.1 Signals under SVR4, BSD, and POSIX.1 10.2.2 Linux signal options 10.2.3 signal under Linux 10.2.4 Signals supported by Linux 10.3 Terminal I/O 10.4 Process information and control 10.4.1 kvm routines 10.4.2 ptrace and the /proc filesystem 10.4.3 Process control under Linux 10.5 Portable conditional compilation 10.6 Additional Comments 11 Systemcalls in alphabetical order 12 Abbreviations About this document ...

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